Bio012922 72..82

نویسندگان

  • Jeremy S. M. Greeter
  • Tyson L. Hedrick
چکیده

We used videography to investigate direct lateral maneuvers, i.e. ‘sideslips’, of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. M. sexta sideslip by rolling their entire body and wings to reorient their net force vector. During sideslip they increase net aerodynamic force by flapping with greater amplitude, (in both wing elevation and sweep), allowing them to continue to support body weight while rolled. To execute the roll maneuver we observed in sideslips, they use an asymmetric wing stroke; increasing the pitch of the roll-contralateral wing pair, while decreasing that of the roll-ipsilateral pair. They also increase the wing sweep amplitude of, and decrease the elevation amplitude of, the contralateral wing pair relative to the ipsilateral pair. The roll maneuver unfolds in a stairstep manner, with orientation changing more during downstroke than upstroke. This is due to smaller upstroke wing pitch angle asymmetries as well as increased upstroke flapping counter-torque from left-right differences in global reference frame wing velocity about the moth’s roll axis. Rolls are also opposed by stabilizing aerodynamic moments from lateral motion, such that rightward roll velocity will be opposed by rightward motion. Computational modeling using blade-element approaches confirm the plausibility of a causal linkage between the previously mentioned wing kinematics and roll/sideslip. Model results also predict high degrees of axial and lateral damping. On the time scale of whole and half wing strokes, left-right wing pair asymmetries directly relate to the first, but not second, derivative of roll. Collectively, these results strongly support a roll-based sideslip with a high degree of roll damping in M. sexta.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

The effects of bicycle frame geometry on muscle activation and power during a wingate anaerobic test.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of bicycle seat tube angles (STA) of (72° and 82°) on power production and EMG of the vastus laeralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), semimembranous (SM), biceps femoris (BF) during a Wingate test (WAT). Twelve experienced cyclists performed a WAT at each STA. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to identify differences in muscular activation by STA....

متن کامل

Solution structure, determined by nuclear magnetic resonance, of the b30-82 domain of subunit b of Escherichia coli F1Fo ATP synthase.

Subunit b, the peripheral stalk of bacterial F(1)F(o) ATP synthases, is composed of a membrane-spanning and a soluble part. The soluble part is divided into tether, dimerization, and delta-binding domains. The first solution structure of b30-82, including the tether region and part of the dimerization domain, has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance, revealing an alpha-helix between residu...

متن کامل

Patterns of osmotic adjustment in pigeonpea — its importance as a mechanism of drought resistance

Osmotic adjustment (OA) is considered as an important physiological mechanism of drought adaptation in many crop plants. The present investigation was aimed at assessing the importance of OA in improving productivity under drought. Using two automated rain-out shelters, 26 extra-short-duration pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] genotypes were grown with irrigation during the growth period o...

متن کامل

Course MA 2 C 02 , Hilary Term 2010

5 Introduction to Number Theory and Cryptography 72 5.1 Subgroups of the Integers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.2 Greatest Common Divisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.3 The Euclidean Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.4 Prime Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.5 The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic . . . . . . ...

متن کامل

Ofc Cover Scan to Fit into This Box

Organic selenium compounds in plants and yeasts are eff ective chemoprotectants in mammalian cancer. We identifi ed selenomethionine pathways by measuring endogenous and exogenous 82 Se levels and quantifi ed selenium compounds and selenoproteins in mice liver, kidneys, plasma and urine. a The organic Se compounds (particularly selenomethionine [SeMet]) in plants and yeasts are very effective c...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016